Friday, December 31, 2021

ISS Update #2: America Will Continue Sending Crew and Cargo to the Orbital Outpost through 2030...

An image of the International Space Station that was taken by European Space Agency astronaut Thomas Pesquet aboard SpaceX's Crew Dragon Endeavour capsule...on November 8, 2021.
NASA / ESA - Thomas Pesquet

Just thought I'd end 2021 with this quick update about NASA being a member of the International Space Station (ISS) program for at least nine more years!

By the time the ISS is finally retired, we will hopefully have the Gateway orbiting the Moon, SpaceX will have launched additional crew and cargo Dragon capsules to the microgravity laboratory, Boeing will have finally sent astronauts to the ISS via the Starliner vehicle, Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser space plane will have also conducted several cargo missions to the station as well, and Axiom will be on the verge of separating its modules from the venerable national laboratory to begin operating its own space station.

What a wonderful way to end this year for human spaceflight... 2022 will be even more exciting with the launch of Artemis 1 and Starship Super Heavy's orbital test flight!

Stay tuned...and have a Happy New Year!

Saturday, December 18, 2021

ISS Update: NASA Selects Two Crew Members for a 2023 SpaceX Flight to the Orbital Outpost...

NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg will fly aboard a Crew Dragon capsule to the International Space Station in 2023...on SpaceX's Crew-6 mission.
NASA

Two Astronauts Receive Assignments for NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Mission (Press Release - December 16)

NASA has assigned two crew members to launch on the agency’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission – the sixth crew rotation flight aboard a Crew Dragon spacecraft to the International Space Station.

NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg will serve as spacecraft commander and pilot, respectively, for the mission. The agency’s international partners will assign additional crew members as mission specialists in the future.

The mission is expected to launch in 2023 on a Falcon 9 rocket from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Bowen, Hoburg, and the international crew members will join an expedition crew aboard the space station.

This will be Bowen’s fourth trip into space as a veteran of three space shuttle missions: STS-126 in 2008, STS-132 in 2010, and STS-133 in 2011. Bowen has logged more than 40 days in space, including 47 hours, 18 minutes during seven spacewalks. He was born in Cohasset, Massachusetts. He holds a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, and a master’s degree in ocean engineering from the Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering offered by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Falmouth, Massachusetts. In July 2000, Bowen became the first submarine officer selected as an astronaut by NASA.

Hoburg was selected by NASA as an astronaut in 2017 and this will be his first trip to space. He is from Pittsburgh and earned a bachelor’s degree in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT and a doctorate in electrical engineering and computer science from the University of California, Berkeley. At the time of his selection as an astronaut, Hoburg was an assistant professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT. Hoburg's research focused on efficient methods for design of engineering systems. He also is a commercial pilot with instrument, single-engine, and multi-engine ratings.

NASA’s Commercial Crew Program works with the American aerospace industry to provide safe, reliable, and cost-effective transportation to and from the International Space Station on American-made rockets and spacecraft launching from American soil.

For more than 21 years, humans have lived and worked continuously aboard the International Space Station, advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth. As a global endeavor, 244 people from 19 countries have visited the unique microgravity laboratory that has hosted more than 3,000 research and educational investigations from researchers in 108 countries and areas.

The station is a critical testbed for NASA to understand and overcome the challenges of long-duration spaceflight and to expand commercial opportunities in low-Earth orbit. As commercial companies focus on providing human space transportation services and developing a robust low-Earth orbit economy, NASA is free to focus on building spacecraft and rockets for deep space missions to the Moon and Mars.

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Friday, December 17, 2021

SLS Update #2: Flight Components Continue to be Built for the Mega-Moon Rocket's Third Mission...

The forward skirt for the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket that will fly on Artemis 3 is about to be placed into the Vertical Assembly Center's robotic weld tool at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana.
NASA / Michael DeMocker

NASA Builds Artemis III Core Stage Forward Skirt (News Release)

NASA and Boeing crews have successfully placed the forward skirt for NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) Artemis III rocket into the Vertical Assembly Center robotic weld tool for its next phase of production at NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans.

The forward skirt sits atop the rocket’s core stage, and it will be outfitted with the rocket’s flight computers and avionics systems to control SLS during launch and ascent. To make the forward skirt, engineers joined panels together in the vertical weld tool to form the circular structure shown in the first image above. Next, they moved the forward skirt to the Vertical Assembly Center, where rings will be welded to the top and bottom of the forward skirt. Boeing engineer Amanda Gertjejansen inspects the forward skirt inside the world’s largest robotic welder, below.

Later, technicians will use the rings to bolt together the parts of the core stage. The fully-assembled, 212-foot-tall rocket stage consists of five hardware elements. NASA and Boeing are in the process of building all the core stage’s large structures for Artemis III: the forward skirt, the liquid oxygen tank, the intertank, the liquid hydrogen tank, and the engine section. Together, the core stage and its four RS-25 engines will provide more than 2 million pounds of thrust to help launch the Artemis III astronauts on their lunar mission. The forward skirt attaches to the liquid oxygen tank, one of two giant liquid propellant tanks on the core stage. It will hold 196,000 gallons of liquid oxygen cooled to minus 297 degrees Fahrenheit.

With the Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon and establish long-term exploration in preparation for missions to Mars. SLS and NASA’s Orion spacecraft, along with the Human Landing System and the Gateway in orbit around the Moon, are NASA’s backbone for deep space exploration. SLS is the only rocket that can send Orion, astronauts, and supplies to the Moon in a single mission.

Source: NASA.Gov

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Boeing engineer Amanda Gertjejansen inspects the SLS's forward skirt after it was placed  into the Vertical Assembly Center's robotic weld tool at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana.
NASA / Michael DeMocker

Thursday, December 16, 2021

SLS Update: Hardware Continues to be Assembled for the Mega-Moon Rocket's First Crewed Flight...

The upper part of the Space Launch System rocket that will fly on Artemis 2 is about to be removed from its assembly structure at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana.
NASA

NASA Completes Upper Part of Artemis II Core Stage (News Release)

NASA has completed assembly of the upper, or forward, part of the core stage for the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket that will send the Artemis II crew on their lunar mission. Boeing, the lead core stage contractor, completed joining the forward part of the rocket, and then lifted it out of the assembly structure at NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans.

To construct this part of the core stage, the team first stacked three major parts of the stage—the forward skirt, the liquid oxygen tank, and the intertank. The forward skirt sits atop the rocket’s core stage, and it and the intertank are outfitted with the rocket’s flight computers and avionics systems that control SLS during launch and ascent. The liquid oxygen tank holds 196,000 gallons of liquid oxygen cooled to minus 297 degrees Fahrenheit. The team performed functional testing of the electronic systems in the forward skirt and the intertank prior to stacking. After stacking, they integrated systems between the structures and completed application of thermal protection systems.

The entire upper part of the stage is around 66-feet tall. The fully-assembled, 212-foot-tall rocket stage consists of five hardware elements. Next, the team will move this part to final assembly where the Artemis II liquid hydrogen tank is also undergoing outfitting. Here, teams will connect the liquid hydrogen tank to the upper part of the rocket and complete assembly of four of the five core stage parts. The last piece to be added will be the engine section, which is currently in a separate assembly area being outfitted with propulsion systems that connect to the engines. The engine section will house the four RS-25 engines that power the rocket. Together, the core stage and its four RS-25 engines will provide more than 2 million pounds of thrust to help send the Artemis II astronauts on their lunar mission.

With Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon and establish long-term exploration in preparation for human missions to Mars. SLS and NASA’s Orion spacecraft, along with the Human Landing System and the Gateway that will orbit the Moon, are NASA’s backbone for deep space exploration. SLS is the only rocket that can send Orion, astronauts, and supplies to the Moon in a single mission.

Source: NASA.Gov

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The upper part of the Space Launch System rocket that will fly on Artemis 2 is removed from its assembly structure at NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana.
NASA

Monday, December 13, 2021

Axiom Update: The Private Company Will Send the Ax-2 Crew to the ISS No Earlier than Late 2022...

An image of the International Space Station that was taken by European Space Agency astronaut Thomas Pesquet aboard SpaceX's Crew Dragon Endeavour capsule...on November 8, 2021.
NASA / ESA - Thomas Pesquet

NASA Selects Second Private Astronaut Mission to Space Station (Press Release)

NASA has selected Axiom Space for the second private astronaut mission to the International Space Station. NASA will negotiate with Axiom on a mission order agreement for the Axiom Mission 2 (Ax-2) targeted to launch between fall 2022 and late spring 2023.

Ax-2 will launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida for a mission of no more than 14 days docked to the space station. NASA and Axiom will negotiate in-orbit activities for the private astronauts to conduct in coordination with space station crew members and flight controllers on the ground. The Ax-2 mission concept includes scientific research and outreach activities.

NASA and its international partners will review private astronaut selections proposed by Axiom for the Ax-2 mission, as is standard for any space station crew. The proposed crew members would undergo NASA medical qualification testing to be approved for flight.

NASA evaluated the mission proposal based on Axiom’s ability to execute it successfully, NASA’s ability to support it, and its contribution to the agency’s mission and goal of low-Earth orbit commercialization. This mission is subject to NASA’s updated pricing policy for private astronaut missions, which reflects the full value of costs to the agency that are above space station baseline capabilities.

Progress continues toward NASA and Axiom’s first private astronaut mission to the space station, Axiom Mission 1 (Ax-1), which is scheduled to launch no earlier than Feb. 21, 2022. Axiom’s proposed crew members still are completing final evaluations by NASA and its international partners.

The agency did not make a selection for a third private astronaut mission from its June 2021 research announcement. NASA will gather lessons learned from the first private astronaut flight as well as other applicable station activities and announce a new flight opportunity in the future.

Source: NASA.Gov

Saturday, December 11, 2021

Alan Shepard's Daughter and a Super Bowl Champion Have Ventured Beyond the Kármán Line!

The six-member crew of Blue Origin's NS-19 mission pose for a pre-flight group photo.
Blue Origin

Blue Origin Completes Third Human Spaceflight (News Release)

The NS-19 mission marks the sixth flight of the year for the program

Blue Origin today successfully completed the third human spaceflight - the first with six astronauts on board. The astronaut manifest included Laura Shepard Churchley, Michael Strahan, Evan Dick, Dylan Taylor, Cameron Bess, and Lane Bess.

“We had a great flight today. This was our sixth flight in what has been a great year for the New Shepard program. We flew 14 astronauts to space, flew a NASA payload flight that tested lunar landing sensors and completed our certification test flights,” said Bob Smith, CEO Blue Origin. “I want to thank our payload customers, our astronauts and, of course, Team Blue for these many important accomplishments. I am so proud to be part of this dedicated and hard-working team that ensures that each and every flight of New Shepard is safe and reliable. And, it’s fun to say that this is just the beginning.”

Blue Origin is planning several crewed and payload flights in 2022. If you are interested in flying on New Shepard, visit our website.

Also available for purchase on the Blue Origin Shop is the commemorative patch from today’s mission and other merchandise, including the signature Michael Strahan Brand Blue Origin hoodie.

Source: Blue Origin

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Friday, December 10, 2021

Photo of the Day: A Beloved "Peanuts" Character Will Head into Space on Orion's Second Flight Next Year...

Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, Snoopy enjoys a photo op near the Orion capsule that he'll fly in during the Artemis 1 mission next year.
NASA / Kim Shiflett

Snoopy to Fly Aboard Artemis I (News Release)

Snoopy, the Zero G Indicator for the Artemis I mission, was delivered to NASA’s Kennedy Space Center on Dec. 2, 2021, before being loaded into the Orion spacecraft ahead of launch early next year.

Zero gravity indicators are small items carried aboard spacecraft that provide a visual indicator when a spacecraft has reached the weightlessness of microgravity. Without astronauts aboard Orion, Snoopy will help share the journey with the world as he rides along in the cabin.

This photo shows Snoopy looking at his ride to space which is currently stacked atop the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket inside the Vehicle Assembly Building.

NASA is collaborating under an agreement with Peanuts to educate and share information about Snoopy’s journey and the mission, inspiring generations to dream big.

Source: NASA.Gov

Thursday, December 9, 2021

Artemis Update: NASA's Top Two Leaders Review Progress on Future SLS Rockets in Louisiana...

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy take a tour of the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana...on December 8, 2021.
NASA

NASA Administrator and Deputy Administrator Visit Michoud (News Release)

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy visited the agency’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans on Wednesday, Dec. 8, for tours and briefings on the facility’s vital role in NASA’s exploration missions. Michoud is NASA’s rocket factory, building components for the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft that will return humans to the Moon.

It was the first time Nelson and Melroy visited Michoud in their current roles.

Nelson and Melroy toured the 43-acre manufacturing facility and spoke with NASA engineers and subject matter experts. They saw the massive core stage liquid hydrogen tank for the Artemis II mission, Orion hardware in production, and the advanced manufacturing tools at Michoud built specifically for the production of SLS.

Michoud has been the nation’s premiere site for manufacturing and assembly of large-scale space structures since 1961 and the facility has a vital role today for the planned Artemis missions. The Michoud team is currently building the core stage for SLS, the pressure vessel for Orion, and producing hardware for the Artemis II through Artemis IV missions.

“It’s a pleasure to be at Michoud Assembly Facility and here in New Orleans. Michoud is NASA’s rocket factory and is integral to NASA’s mission,” said Nelson who was sworn in as NASA’s 14th administrator in May and tasked with carrying out the Biden administration’s vision for the agency. “Louisiana and the nation reap the benefits of this facility,” he said.

The integrated system of SLS and Orion is currently stacked together at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and is entering the final phase of testing and preparations for an upcoming uncrewed flight test around the Moon. The mission will pave the way for a future flight test with crew before NASA establishes a regular cadence of more complex missions with astronauts on and around the Moon under Artemis.

“Many of you witnessed the Artemis I core stage built at Michoud put through a series of rocket tests at Stennis Space Center during the Green Run Hot Fire. As a NASA astronaut, it’s difficult to describe the excitement and pride I have for this agency and the people that helped us get to this point,” said Nelson.

After an employee luncheon, Nelson and Melroy toured more of the facility and campus, discussing and viewing infrastructure areas that suffered hurricane and tornado damage, and green spaces available for development.

In Oct. 2020, Hurricane Zeta made landfall as a Category 2 in the New Orleans area and caused 50,000 square feet of roof damage to the facility. The emergency ride-out crew at Michoud recorded wind gusts of 101 mph.

In Aug. 2021, Hurricane Ida made landfall in Louisiana as a Category 4. Emergency ride-out crews recorded wind gusts of 110 mph and 13 inches of rain before sensors failed. Ida damaged the roofs still under repair from Zeta, and the storm’s rainfall intruded into many buildings on-site including the factory floor. After viewing the damage, Nelson had words of encouragement for the Michoud workforce.

“One thing I can share with you is that Michoud is resilient and our employees are second to none. When you reflect back on some of the natural disasters that have come through New Orleans: Betsy, Camille, Katrina, the 2017 tornado, Zeta, and most recently Ida, Michoud was affected by all of them, yet the facility bounced back each time to support NASA’s critical missions,” said Nelson.

Nelson and Melroy also highlighted the appropriations NASA secured in the recently-passed funding law to help Michoud repair damage caused by Hurricane Ida.

Source: NASA.Gov

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NASA Administrator Bill Nelson addresses the crowd at the Michoud Assembly Facility as Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy and other agency officials stand nearby...on December 8, 2021.
NASA

Monday, December 6, 2021

The Newest Members of the Artemis Team Have Been Revealed!

The newest astronaut members of NASA's Artemis Team pose for a group photo at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
NASA

NASA Selects New Astronaut Recruits to Train for Future Missions (Press Release)

NASA has chosen 10 new astronaut candidates from a field of more than 12,000 applicants to represent the United States and work for humanity’s benefit in space.

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson introduced the members of the 2021 astronaut class, the first new class in four years, during a Monday, Dec. 6 event at Ellington Field near NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.

“Today we welcome 10 new explorers, 10 members of the Artemis generation, NASA’s 2021 astronaut candidate class,” Nelson said. “Alone, each candidate has ‘the right stuff,’ but together they represent the creed of our country: E pluribus unum – out of many, one.”

The astronaut candidates will report for duty at Johnson in January 2022 to begin two years of training. Astronaut candidate training falls into five major categories: operating and maintaining the International Space Station's complex systems, training for spacewalks, developing complex robotics skills, safely operating a T-38 training jet, and Russian language skills.

Upon completion, they could be assigned to missions that involve performing research aboard the space station, launching from American soil on spacecraft built by commercial companies, as well as deep space missions to destinations including the Moon on NASA’s Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System rocket.

“Each of you has amazing backgrounds,” Pam Melroy, former NASA astronaut and NASA’s deputy administrator, told the candidates. “You bring diversity in so many forms to our astronaut corps and you stepped up to one of the highest and most exciting forms of public service.”

Applicants included U.S. citizens from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and Northern Mariana Islands. For the first time ever, NASA required candidates to hold a master’s degree in a STEM field and used an online assessment tool. The women and men selected for the new astronaut class represent the diversity of America and the career paths that can lead to a place in America’s astronaut corps.

The 2021 astronaut candidates are:

Nichole Ayers, 32, major, U.S. Air Force, is a native of Colorado who graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in 2011 with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics with a minor in Russian. She later earned a master’s degree in computational and applied mathematics from Rice University. Ayers is an experienced combat aviator with more than 200 combat hours and more than 1,150 hours of total flight time in the T-38 and the F-22 Raptor fighter jet. One of the few women currently flying the F-22, in 2019 Ayers led the first-ever all-woman formation of the aircraft in combat.

Marcos Berríos, 37, major, U.S. Air Force, grew up in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. While a reservist in the Air National Guard, Berríos worked as an aerospace engineer for the U.S. Army Aviation Development Directorate at Moffett Federal Airfield in California. He is a test pilot who holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering as well as a doctorate in aeronautics and astronautics from Stanford University. A distinguished pilot, Berríos has accumulated more than 110 combat missions and 1,300 hours of flight time in more than 21 different aircraft.

Christina Birch, 35, grew up in Gilbert, Arizona, and graduated from the University of Arizona with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics and a bachelor’s degree in biochemistry and molecular biophysics. After earning a doctorate in biological engineering from MIT, she taught bioengineering at the University of California, Riverside, and scientific writing and communication at the California Institute of Technology. She became a decorated track cyclist on the U.S. National Team.

Deniz Burnham, 36, lieutenant, U.S. Navy, calls Wasilla, Alaska, home. A former intern at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley, California, Burnham serves in the U.S. Navy Reserves. She earned a bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Burnham is an experienced leader in the energy industry, managing onsite drilling projects throughout North America, including in Alaska, Canada, and Texas.

Luke Delaney, 42, major, retired, U.S. Marine Corps, grew up in Debary, Florida. He holds a degree in mechanical engineering from University of North Florida and a master’s degree in aerospace engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He is a distinguished naval aviator who participated in exercises throughout the Asia Pacific region and conducted combat missions in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. As a test pilot, he executed numerous flights evaluating weapon systems integration, and he served as a test pilot instructor. Delaney most recently worked as a research pilot at NASA’s Langley Research Center, in Hampton, Virginia, where he supported airborne science missions. Including his NASA career, Delaney logged more than 3,700 flight hours on 48 models of jet, propeller, and rotary wing aircraft.

Andre Douglas, 35, is a Virginia native. He earned a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan, a master’s degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan, a master’s degree in electrical and computer engineering from Johns Hopkins University, and a doctorate in systems engineering from the George Washington University. Douglas served in the U.S. Coast Guard as a naval architect, salvage engineer, damage control assistant, and officer of the deck. He most recently was a senior staff member at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab, working on maritime robotics, planetary defense, and space exploration missions for NASA.

Jack Hathaway, 39, commander, U.S. Navy, is a native of Connecticut. He earned bachelors’ degrees in physics and history from the U.S. Naval Academy and completed graduate studies at Cranfield University in England and the U.S. Naval War College. A distinguished naval aviator, Hathaway flew and deployed with Navy’s Strike Fighter Squadron 14 aboard the USS Nimitz and Strike Fighter Squadron 136 aboard the USS Truman. He graduated from Empire Test Pilots’ School, supported the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the Pentagon, and was most recently assigned as the prospective executive officer for Strike Fighter Squadron 81. He has more than 2,500 flight hours in 30 types of aircraft, more than 500 carrier arrested landings, and flew 39 combat missions.

Anil Menon, 45, lieutenant colonel, U.S. Air Force, was born and raised in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He was SpaceX’s first flight surgeon, helping to launch the company’s first humans to space during NASA’s SpaceX Demo-2 mission and building a medical organization to support the human system during future missions. Prior to that, he served NASA as the crew flight surgeon for various expeditions taking astronauts to the International Space Station. Menon is an actively practicing emergency medicine physician with fellowship training in wilderness and aerospace medicine. As a physician, he was a first responder during the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, 2015 earthquake in Nepal, and the 2011 Reno Air Show accident. In the Air Force, Menon supported the 45th Space Wing as a flight surgeon and the 173rd Fighter Wing, where he logged over 100 sorties in the F-15 fighter jet and transported over 100 patients as part of the critical care air transport team.

Christopher Williams, 38, grew up in Potomac, Maryland. He graduated from Stanford University in 2005 with a bachelor’s degree in physics and a doctorate in physics from MIT in 2012, where his research was in astrophysics. Williams is a board-certified medical physicist, completing his residency training at Harvard Medical School before joining the faculty as a clinical physicist and researcher. He most recently worked as a medical physicist in the Radiation Oncology Department at the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. He was the lead physicist for the Institute’s MRI-guided adaptive radiation therapy program. His research focused on developing image guidance techniques for cancer treatments.

Jessica Wittner, 38, lieutenant commander, U.S. Navy, is a native of California with a distinguished career serving on active duty as a naval aviator and test pilot. She holds a Bachelor of Science in aerospace engineering from the University of Arizona, and a Master of Science in aerospace engineering from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. Wittner was commissioned as a naval officer through an enlisted-to-officer program and has served operationally flying F/A-18 fighter jets with Strike Fighter Squadron 34 in Virginia Beach, Virginia, and Strike Fighter Squadron 151 in Lemoore, California. A graduate of U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, she also worked as a test pilot and project officer with Air Test and Evaluation Squadron 31 in China Lake, California.

With the addition of these 10 members of the 2021 astronaut candidate class, NASA has now selected 360 astronauts since the original Mercury Seven in 1959.

“We’ve made many giant leaps throughout the last 60 years, fulfilling President Kennedy’s goal of landing a man on the Moon,” said Johnson center Director Vanessa Wyche. “Today we reach further into the stars as we push forward to the Moon once again and on to Mars with NASA’s newest astronaut candidate class.”

Source: NASA.Gov

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Saturday, December 4, 2021

NASA Will Help Fund Three Private Microgravity Outposts in Low-Earth Orbit...

An artist's concept of the Orbital Reef space station.
Blue Origin / Sierra Space / Boeing / Redwire Space / Genesis Engineering Solutions / ASU

NASA Selects Companies to Develop Commercial Destinations in Space (Press Release - December 2)

NASA has signed agreements with three U.S. companies to develop designs of space stations and other commercial destinations in space. The agreements are part of the agency’s efforts to enable a robust, American-led commercial economy in low-Earth orbit.

The total estimated award amount for all three funded Space Act Agreements is $415.6 million. The companies that received awards are:

- Blue Origin of Kent, Washington, for $130 million
- Nanoracks LLC, of Houston for $160 million
- Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation of Dulles, Virginia, for $125.6 million

NASA seeks to maintain an uninterrupted U.S. presence in low-Earth orbit by transitioning from the International Space Station to other platforms. These awards will stimulate U.S. private sector development of commercial, independent space stations that will be available to both government and private-sector customers.

“Building on our successful initiatives to partner with private industry to deliver cargo, and now our NASA astronauts, to the International Space Station, NASA is once again leading the way to commercialize space activities,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “With commercial companies now providing transportation to low-Earth orbit in place, we are partnering with U.S. companies to develop the space destinations where people can visit, live, and work, enabling NASA to continue forging a path in space for the benefit of humanity while fostering commercial activity in space.”

The awards are the first in a two-phase approach to ensure a seamless transition of activity from the International Space Station to commercial destinations. During this first phase, private industry, in coordination with NASA, will formulate and design commercial low-Earth orbit destination capabilities suitable for potential government and private sector needs. The first phase is expected to continue through 2025.

Blue Origin and Sierra Space have partnered to develop Orbital Reef, a commercially owned and operated space station to be built in low-Earth orbit, which will start operating in the second half of this decade. Orbital Reef teammates include Boeing, Redwire Space, Genesis Engineering, and Arizona State University. Orbital Reef’s human-centered space architecture is designed to be a “mixed-use space business park” that provides essential infrastructure needed to support all types of human spaceflight activity in low-Earth orbit and can be scaled to serve new markets.

The station’s shared infrastructure will support the proprietary needs of diverse U.S. and international users, tenants, and visitors, including those representing research, industry, government, and the commercial sector. Features such as reusable space transportation and advanced automation can minimize cost and complexity to enable the widest range of users. Accommodations, vehicle docking ports, and utilities can all be scaled with growth in market demand.

Nanoracks’ commercial low-Earth orbit destination, in collaboration with Voyager Space and Lockheed Martin, is called Starlab. Starlab is targeted for launch in 2027 on a single flight as a continuously crewed, commercial space station dedicated to conducting advanced research, fostering commercial industrial activity, and ensuring continued U.S. presence and leadership in low-Earth orbit. Starlab is designed for four astronauts and will have power, volume, and a payload capability equivalent to the International Space Station.

Starlab will host the George Washington Carver Science Park featuring four main operational departments – a biology lab, plant habitation lab, physical science and materials research lab, and an open workbench area – to meet the needs of researchers and commercial customers for commercial space activities. The station will be built with flexible growth in mind, featuring interfaces both internal and external to the spacecraft to allow Nanoracks to expand the architecture as new demand sources are identified, and new markets emerge.

Northrop Grumman’s design for a modular, commercial destination in low-Earth orbit is built on decades of experience supporting NASA, defense, and commercial programs. The design leverages flight-proven elements, such as the Cygnus spacecraft that provides cargo delivery to the International Space Station, to provide a base module for extended capabilities including science, tourism, industrial experimentation, and the building of infrastructure beyond initial design.

Multiple docking ports will allow future expansion to support crew analog habitats, laboratories, crew airlocks, and facilities capable of artificial gravity, in support of multiple customers. This Space Act Agreement will enable Northrop Grumman to provide a detailed commercialization, operations, and capabilities plan, as well as space station requirements, mission success criteria, risk assessments, key technical and market analysis requirements, and preliminary design activities. Northrop Grumman’s team includes Dynetics, with other partners to be announced.

For the second phase of NASA’s approach to a transition toward commercial low-Earth orbit destinations, the agency intends to certify for NASA crew member use commercial low-Earth orbit destinations from these and potential other entrants, and ultimately, purchase services from destination providers for crew to use when available. This strategy will provide services the government needs at a lower cost, enabling NASA to focus on its Artemis missions to the Moon and on to Mars while continuing to use low-Earth orbit as a training and proving ground.

NASA estimates the agency’s future needs in low-Earth orbit will require continuous accommodations and training for at least two crew members, as well as the ability to support a national orbiting laboratory and the performance of approximately 200 investigations annually to support human research, technology demonstrations, biological and physical science.

Developing commercial destinations in low-Earth orbit is part of NASA’s broader efforts to build a robust low-Earth orbit economy, including supporting commercial activity and enabling the first private astronaut mission to the space station. In addition to these new awards NASA selected Axiom Space in January 2020 to design and develop commercial modules to attach to the station. NASA and Axiom recently completed the preliminary design review of two modules as well as the critical design review of the module’s primary structure.

By transitioning to a model where commercial industry owns and operates the assets in low-Earth orbit and where NASA is one of many customers, the agency can save on costs to live and work in low-Earth orbit and focus on pushing innovation and exploration of the Moon and Mars through NASA’s Artemis missions.

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An artist's concept of the Starlab space station in low-Earth orbit.
Nanoracks / Voyager Space / Lockheed Martin

An artist's concept of Northrop Grumman’s free-flyer commercial destination, with a Cygnus freighter and SpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule attached to it, in low-Earth orbit.
Northrop Grumman

Friday, December 3, 2021

NASA Will Reveal the Newest Members of the Artemis Team Next Week...

Expedition 45 Commander Scott Kelly prepares for a spacewalk that he and Flight Engineer Kjell Lindgren conducted outside the International Space Station on October 28, 2015.
NASA

NASA to Announce America’s Next Class of Astronaut Candidates (Press Release - December 2)

After evaluating more than 12,000 applications, NASA will introduce its 2021 astronaut candidates at 12:30 p.m. EST Monday, Dec. 6, from Ellington Field near NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. After completing training, these individuals could be eligible for a variety of flight assignments including missions on and around the Moon under Artemis.

The astronaut candidates will join NASA Administrator Bill Nelson, NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy, Johnson Center Director Vanessa Wyche, and Flight Operations Director Norm Knight on stage at the event, which will air live on NASA TV, the agency’s website, and the NASA app.

Following the announcement, media in attendance will have the opportunity to speak with the new astronaut candidates and subject matter experts from the astronaut selection board, International Space Station Program, Commercial Crew Program, and Artemis about astronaut selection and the spacecraft in which the new astronauts could fly. Media must request credentials to attend no later than 6 p.m. Friday, Dec. 3, by contacting the Johnson Newsroom at: 281-483-5111 or jsccommu@mail.nasa.gov.

The astronaut candidates also will be available for virtual interviews the day after the announcement, on Tuesday, Dec. 7. Media interested in this limited opportunity must contact the Johnson newsroom at: 281-483-5111 or jsccommu@mail.nasa.gov by 9 a.m. Tuesday, Dec. 7.

Following graduation, which requires about two years of training, astronaut candidates could receive assignments for missions performing research aboard the International Space Station, launching from American soil on spacecraft built by commercial companies, and launching on deep space missions on NASA’s Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System rocket.

The astronaut candidates will report to NASA Johnson in January to begin their training in spacecraft systems, spacewalking skills, teamwork, and other necessary skills.

These women and men were selected after completing their applications in March 2020 for a chance to join NASA’s astronaut corps and take part in America’s human spaceflight program.

Requirements to apply included U.S. citizenship, a master’s degree from an accredited institution in a STEM field that emphasized science, technology, engineering, or math, and at least three years of related experience, or at least 1,000 hours of pilot-in-command time in jet aircraft. The candidates also had to pass the NASA long-duration flight astronaut physical.

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An artist's concept of an Artemis astronaut about to set foot on the Moon.
NASA

Thursday, December 2, 2021

Flight Hardware Is Being Prepped for SLS Missions That Will Launch Through Late 2031...

A solid rocket booster motor for NASA's Artemis 4 mission is being hoisted vertically at Northrop Grumman’s factory in Promontory, Utah.
NASA

NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Future Mega-Moon Rocket Boosters (Press Release)

NASA has awarded the Booster Production and Operations Contract (BPOC) to Northrop Grumman of Brigham City, Utah, to build boosters for the agency’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket to support nine SLS flights. Northrop Grumman, the lead booster contractor, has produced booster motors for the first three Artemis missions and is casting the motors for the fourth lunar mission.

This contract, with a value of $3.19 billion, definitizes a letter contract awarded in June 2020 that authorized Northrop Grumman to order long-lead items and build twin boosters for the next six SLS flights. The period of performance extends through Dec. 31, 2031. This includes production and operations for boosters for Artemis IV-VIII and design, development, test, and evaluation of a booster as part of Booster Obsolescence and Life Extension (BOLE) for Artemis IX.

“This contract award ensures NASA will have the most powerful solid rocket boosters ever built for future Space Launch System rockets for the Artemis missions to the Moon,” said Bruce Tiller, SLS Booster Manager at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. “The contract allows NASA to work with Northrop Grumman to not only build the boosters for upcoming missions but also to evolve and improve the boosters for future flights.”

The twin solid rocket boosters, which are mounted on the side of the SLS core stage, will produce more than 75% of the thrust for each SLS launch. The boosters were based on the design of the space shuttle solid rocket boosters but include a fifth segment to produce the extra power needed to send the larger SLS rocket to space. As part of this contract, the team also will design and test evolved boosters needed for flights starting with the ninth SLS mission. The new BOLE boosters will replace the steel cases currently used from the space shuttle with a stronger composite case and upgraded structures, electronic thrust vector control systems and propellant materials.

“Our boosters are ready to launch the first flight of the Space Launch System on the Artemis I mission, and we are making great progress producing boosters for the Artemis II, III, and IV missions,” said Tiller. “Upgrading the booster’s performance ensures we can improve SLS’s ability to send astronauts and cargo to the Moon as well as making our processes more efficient.”

The SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft are part of NASA’s backbone for deep space exploration. Through Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the surface of the Moon and establish a long-term lunar presence that serves as a steppingstone on the way to Mars.

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Wednesday, December 1, 2021

Vice President Harris Addresses Current and Future Space Policy Goals for the United States...

Vice President Kamala Harris chairs her first meeting of the National Space Council at the United States Institute of Peace in Washington, DC...on December 1, 2021.
NASA / Joel Kowsky

Vice President Highlights STEM in First National Space Council Meeting (Press Release)

Vice President Kamala Harris chaired the first National Space Council meeting of the Biden-Harris Administration Wednesday, Dec. 1 at the U.S. Institute of Peace in Washington. Prior to the meeting, President Biden expanded the number of participants of the council by executive order, reflecting the Biden-Harris administration’s broad priorities and creating the largest, most diverse space council in the nation’s history.

During the meeting, Vice President Harris led a discussion about how the United States should capitalize on opportunities in space, including promoting peaceful exploration and reducing the risk of miscalculation or conflict in space, addressing the climate crisis, and building a stronger STEM workforce.

“Today, our nation and our world are more active in space than ever before,” Vice President Harris said. “In this new era, we must see all the ways in which space can benefit Earth. We must see all the ways in which space can benefit the people of our nation and of all humanity. This perspective is central to our work as a council because, while exploration of space defined the 20th century, the opportunity of space must guide our work in the 21st.”

NASA Administrator Bill Nelson reflected on the agency’s STEM initiatives to support job creation and maintain America’s innovative and competitive edge.

“Just look at the sparkle in the eyes of children when the topic of space and spaceflight come up. It opens their little eyes into working to get involved. We saw that was the case with the Apollo generation. For a couple generations thereafter, look at the mathematicians and the technicians,” Nelson said. "[NASA has] paid interns and fellows. We get them in. We have them work with NASA professionals. They work on hardware... They do 3D manufacturing. As a result of that, 30% of our interns come to work for NASA. That's why STEM is so important."

Nelson highlighted the breadth of NASA’s STEM engagement, from the more than 6,400 internships, fellowships, and other direct student higher education awards made in the last year alone, to the $35 million in direct financial support to students enrolled in higher education programs.

Vice President Harris also announced the release of the United States Space Priorities Framework, which will guide the council’s efforts to develop and implement national space policy and strategy.

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