Monday, July 26, 2021

ISS Update: Today's Removal of Russia's Pirs Docking Port Has Cleared the Way for Nauka's Arrival This Thursday...

Russia's Progress MS-16 freighter, with the Pirs module attached to it, undocks from the International Space Station on July 26, 2021.
ESA / Thomas Pesquet

Earlier today, the unmanned Progress MS-16 capsule undocked from the International Space Station (ISS)...bringing along with it Russia's Pirs module which had been attached to the outpost since September of 2001. Departure of the Progress freighter and the ISS component took place at 6:55 AM, Eastern Daylight Time (3:55 AM, Pacific Daylight Time), and destructive re-entry into Earth's atmosphere for the two vessels occurred after 10:01 AM, EDT (7:01 AM, PDT).

Pirs' removal from the ISS clears the way for the arrival of the Nauka Multipurpose Laboratory Module (MLM), Russia's newest space station segment that launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan last Wednesday (July 21), and will dock to the orbital outpost this Thursday, July 29.

Originally scheduled to lift off in 2007, Nauka's flight was delayed for over a decade due to financial issues and technical problems (such as the piping in MLM's propulsion system being contaminated by metallic dust—causing a full hardware replacement to be carried out). Technical problems were also an issue shortly after Nauka's launch...as additional hiccups with its main propulsion system delayed the module from conducting its first orbit-raising maneuver by 24 hours. This also postponed Pirs' removal from last Friday (July 23) to this morning.

With Pirs gone, this seems to imply that Roscosmos has the utmost confidence in Nauka safely docking to the ISS three days from now. It's only fitting that a space station module with a problem-plagued history as significant as that of MLM would have a nail-biting arrival at its orbital destination.

Here's hoping that this nail-biting arrival will lead to triumph for the ISS program and cheers at Roscosmos this Thursday. Godspeed, Nauka.

The Progress MS-16 freighter and Pirs module re-enter Earth's atmosphere...as seen from aboard the International Space Station on July 26, 2021.
Roscosmos

Wednesday, July 21, 2021

On This Day in 2011: The Space Shuttle Program Comes to a Successful End...

The orbiter Atlantis deploys her drogue chute as she touches down on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida...completing mission STS-135 on July 21, 2011.
NASA / Kenny Allen

A decade ago today, the orbiter Atlantis safely touched down on the Shuttle Landing Facility's Runway 15 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida—successfully completing flight STS-135, and bringing the space shuttle program to a triumphant end. With the International Space Station (ISS) fully stocked for the next twelve months thanks to supplies brought to the orbital outpost via the Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module, the main STS-135 payload, Atlantis returned home after a mission that concluded the shuttle's 13-year involvement with the ISS program. Russia's Soyuz capsule was the only crewed vehicle to visit the station for the next nine years, but the shuttle program left behind an enduring legacy which would be continued when SpaceX's Crew Dragon Endeavour lifted off for the outpost in May of last year. And the shuttle's imprint can once again be felt inside Kennedy Space Center's Vehicle Assembly Building...with the Space Launch System undergoing stacking operations (for Artemis 1) that once took place on the shuttle and Apollo Saturn V rockets before it.

It is refreshing to know that as one chapter in NASA's human spaceflight history ended, a new one is finally unfolding in its place. Ad astra.

The Space Launch System rocket undergoes stacking operations for Artemis 1 inside the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida...on July 8, 2021.
NASA / Glenn Benson

Tuesday, July 20, 2021

New Shepard Makes Its First Crewed Flight on Apollo 11's 52nd Moon Landing Anniversary...

Oliver Daemen, Wally Funk, Mark Bezos and his brother, Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos (not fully visible) float inside the New Shepard capsule 105 kilometers (65 miles) above the Earth...on July 20, 2021.
Blue Origin

Blue Origin Safely Launches Four Commercial Astronauts to Space and Back (News Release)

Blue Origin successfully completed New Shepard’s first human flight today with four private citizens onboard. The crew included Jeff Bezos, Mark Bezos, Wally Funk and Oliver Daemen, who all officially became astronauts when they passed the Kármán Line, the internationally recognized boundary of space.

Upon landing, the astronauts were greeted by their families and Blue Origin’s ground operations team for a celebration in the West Texas desert.

A Historic Mission

- Wally Funk, 82, became the oldest person to fly in space.
- Oliver Daemen, 18, was the first-ever commercial astronaut to purchase a ticket and fly to space on a privately-funded and licensed space vehicle from a private launch site. He also became the youngest person to fly in space.
- New Shepard became the first commercial vehicle under a suborbital reusable launch vehicle license to fly paying customers, both payloads and astronauts, to space and back.
- Jeff and Mark Bezos became the first siblings to ever fly in space together.

“Today was a monumental day for Blue Origin and human spaceflight,” said Bob Smith, CEO, Blue Origin. “I am so incredibly proud of Team Blue, their professionalism, and expertise in executing today’s flight. This was a big step forward for us and is only the beginning.”

Blue Origin expects to fly two more crewed flights this year, with many more crewed flights planned for 2022.

Source: Blue Origin

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Mark Bezos, Jeff Bezos, Oliver Daemen and Wally Funk pose for a pre-launch group photo on July 19, 2021.
Blue Origin

The New Shepard booster is about to touch down at Blue Origin's Launch Site One outside Van Horn, Texas...on July 20, 2021.
Blue Origin

Wally Funk triumphantly exits from the New Shepard capsule after making her first flight into space at the age of 82...on July 20, 2021.
Blue Origin


Monday, July 19, 2021

Starship Update: Super Heavy Booster 3's Raptor Engines Have Ignited for the First Time...

SpaceX's Super Heavy Booster 3 prototype ignites its three Raptor engines during a static fire at Starbase, Texas...on July 19, 2021.
SpaceX

Almost two hours ago, the three Raptor engines on the Super Heavy Booster 3 (B3) prototype ignited for the first time during a static fire at Starbase, Texas. According to the tweet by Elon Musk below, the engine firing lasted for the expected duration. Depending on the construction progress of Super Heavy Booster 4, B3 will conduct another static fire—this time with nine Raptor engines installed. When it officially becomes operational, Super Heavy will have 33 Raptor engines to help it lift Starship to the Moon and beyond.

Today's successful test comes one day after the 8th of 9 tower sections was added to the Super Heavy's Launch Tower at Starbase's Orbital Launch Site (as shown below). SpaceX continues to make great strides in developing the rocket and its ground infrastructure that will allow Starship to one day send people on a long-awaited journey to Mars.


Sunday, July 18, 2021

The Inspiration4 Crew Marches On Towards Its September Launch into Space...

The Inspiration4 astronauts pose for a group photo inside the Crew Dragon flight simulator at SpaceX Headquarters in Hawthorne, California.
Inspiration4 / SpaceX

Just thought I'd share this group photo that the Inspiration4 astronauts took during their training inside a Crew Dragon flight simulator at SpaceX Headquarters in Hawthorne, California. From left to right are Christopher Sembroski (the Mission Specialist symbolizing 'Generosity'), Dr. Sian Proctor (the Pilot symbolizing 'Prosperity'), Jared Isaacman (the Spacecraft Commander symbolizing 'Leadership') and Hayley Arceneaux (the Chief Medical Officer symbolizing 'Hope'). Liftoff of Inspiration4 aboard the Crew Dragon Resilience capsule remains scheduled for September 15, from Launch Complex 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Assuming that the launch date isn't changed, splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean at the end of this historic mission will take place on September 18.

Resilience will orbit 340 miles (547 kilometers) above the Earth...about 90 miles (145 kilometers) higher than the altitude where the International Space Station resides, and the farthest that humans have soared above our planet since the last Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission (on STS-125) in 2009. Atlantis orbited as high as 359 miles (578 kilometers) during that shuttle flight. T-minus 59 days till Inspiration4 heads into space!

Saturday, July 17, 2021

Photo of the Day: Starliner Has Moved One Step Closer to the Launch Pad for OFT-2...

The CST-100 Starliner that will fly on Orbital Flight Test-2 is about to be mated with its Atlas V rocket at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida...on July 17, 2021.
United Launch Alliance

Earlier today, technicians transported Boeing's CST-100 Starliner from its Commercial Crew and Cargo Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center to Space Launch Complex (SLC)-41 at nearby Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. Once it was brought to SLC-41's Vertical Integration Facility, Starliner was hoisted up and mated to its Atlas V rocket—which will send the capsule on its journey to the International Space Station (ISS) on July 30. Orbital Flight Test (OFT)-2 is scheduled to lift off at 2:53 PM, Eastern Daylight Time (11:53 AM, Pacific Daylight Time) that day...with Starliner docking at the ISS on July 31. The mission will last up to five days, with the CST-100 touching down at White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico on August 4.

If OFT-2 is successful, Crew Flight Test-1 is set to lift off later this year...though a launch date in early 2022 is a stronger possibility for this mission. Stay tuned.

Friday, July 16, 2021

The Storied Career of a Space Pioneer Has Come to an End...

Former U.S. Marine Colonel Doug Hurley is now a retired NASA astronaut.
SpaceX

Trailblazing Astronaut Doug Hurley Retires from NASA (Press Release)

NASA astronaut and former U.S. Marine Col. Doug Hurley is retiring from NASA after 21 years of service. His last day with the agency is July 16.

“Doug Hurley is an exceptional astronaut whose leadership and expertise have been invaluable to NASA’s space program,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “His impact on the agency transcends his impressive work in spaceflight, inspiring us to take on bold endeavors. I extend my deepest gratitude to Doug and wish him success in his next adventure.”

Hurley’s career highlights include 93 days in space on missions that include the final space shuttle flight and the first crewed flight of the SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft.

Hurley was spacecraft commander on the first crewed flight of the SpaceX Crew Dragon, which launched May 30, 2020, and safely returned to Earth Aug. 2, 2020. The flight was the fifth time in history that NASA astronauts have flown on a new U.S. spacecraft and marked a new era of human spaceflight, enabling crewed launches to the International Space Station from American soil on commercially built and owned spacecraft. As a space station crew member for 62 days, he and crewmate Bob Behnken contributed more than 100 hours supporting the orbiting laboratory’s scientific investigations.

“Doug Hurley is a national hero,” said Reid Weisman, chief of the Astronaut Office at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. “He is a pioneer in human spaceflight who inspires the next generation. Doug made significant impacts everywhere he served at NASA. Our very best wishes for him, his family, and his future pursuits. We thank Doug for his service.”

Hurley joined NASA at Johnson in August 2000 as an astronaut candidate. On his first spaceflight, in 2009, Hurley was pilot for the STS-127 flight of space shuttle Endeavour, helping deliver and install the final two components of the International Space Station’s Japanese Experiment Module, Kibo, and its Exposed Facility and Experiment Logistics Module. He flew again in 2011, as the pilot for STS‐135, which was the 33rd flight of space shuttle Atlantis, the 37th shuttle mission to the space station, and the 135th and final mission of NASA’s Space Shuttle Program.

“Doug brought experience and leadership vital to our continued success in human spaceflight. He shared his critical learning from his missions during many years in human spaceflight to a new team,” said Kathy Lueders, associate administrator for human exploration and operations at NASA Headquarters. “Many of us know and love him as one of the dads on NASA’s SpaceX Demo-2 test flight – it’s personal to fly a member of our NASA family, and important for the team working these missions always to keep in mind he and his family is in our hands.”

Through a variety of roles, Hurley also supported NASA astronauts on Earth. Following the completion of two years of training and evaluation, he was assigned technical duties in the Astronaut Office, which included lead astronaut support personnel at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, for space shuttle missions STS‐107 and STS‐121. He was shuttle landing and rollout instructor, served on the Columbia Reconstruction Team at Kennedy, and worked in the Astronaut Office’s Exploration Branch in support of the Orion Program. He also was NASA’s director of operations in Russia, based at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, and assistant director for the Commercial Crew Program for the Flight Operations Directorate.

“For 21 years, I’ve had the incredible honor of participating in the American space program and working alongside the extremely dedicated people of NASA. To have had a place in the assembly of the International Space Station, and the Space Shuttle Program including flying on its final mission, STS-135, has been a tremendous privilege,” said Hurley. “To then have had the opportunity to be at the forefront of the Commercial Crew Program, specifically working with SpaceX, on to commanding the first flight of Crew Dragon, and finally, as a perfect end to my flying career, serving onboard the space station as a resident crew member. On personal level, there were many significant life moments, too, at NASA that have had their forever impact on me. The loss of my colleagues on space shuttle Columbia. And meeting my wife here and starting our family. It is truly humbling when reflecting back on it all.”

Hurley was born in Endicott, New York, but considers Apalachin, New York, his hometown. He graduated from Owego Free Academy, in Owego, New York, and received a Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering from Tulane University in New Orleans.

Source: NASA.Gov

Thursday, July 15, 2021

SLS Update: One of 13 Special CubeSats Is Now Installed Inside the Orion Stage Adapter...

At NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, engineers prepare the NEA Scout solar sail for shipping to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida...where the solar sail will be integrated onto the Space Launch System rocket.
NASA

NASA Solar Sail Asteroid Mission Readies for Launch on Artemis I (News Release - July 13)

Sailing on sunlight, NEA Scout will capture images of an asteroid for scientific study.

NASA’s Near-Earth Asteroid Scout is tucked away safely inside the agency’s powerful Space Launch System (SLS) rocket at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The solar sailing CubeSat is one of several secondary payloads hitching a ride on Artemis I, the first integrated flight of the agency’s SLS and the Orion spacecraft.

NEA Scout, a small spacecraft roughly the size of a large shoebox, has been packaged into a dispenser and attached to the adapter ring that connects the SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft. The Artemis I mission will be an uncrewed flight test. It also offers deep space transportation for several CubeSats, enabling opportunities for small spacecraft like NEA Scout to reach the Moon and beyond as part of the Artemis program.

“NEA Scout will be America’s first interplanetary mission using solar sail propulsion,” said Les Johnson, principal technology investigator for the mission at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center. “There have been several sail tests in Earth orbit, and we are now ready to show we can use this new type of spacecraft propulsion to go new places and perform important science.”

The CubeSat will use stainless steel alloy booms to deploy an aluminum-coated plastic film sail – thinner than a human hair and about the size of a racquetball court. The large-area sail will generate thrust by reflecting sunlight. Energetic particles of sunlight, called photons, bounce off the solar sail to give it a gentle yet constant push. Over time, this constant thrust can accelerate the spacecraft to very high speeds, allowing it to navigate through space and catch up to its target asteroid.

“This type of propulsion is especially useful for small, lightweight spacecraft that cannot carry large amounts of conventional rocket propellant,” Johnson said.

NEA Scout is also a stepping-stone to another recently selected NASA solar sail mission, Solar Cruiser, which will use a sail 16 times larger when it flies in 2025.

Sailing on sunlight, NEA Scout will begin an approximate two-year journey to fly by a near-Earth asteroid. Once it reaches its destination, the spacecraft will use a science-grade camera to capture images of the asteroid – down to less than four inches (10 centimeters) per pixel – which scientists will then study to further our understanding of these small but important solar system neighbors. High-resolution imaging is made possible thanks to the low-velocity flyby (less than 100 feet, or 30 meters, per second) enabled by the solar sail.

The data obtained will help scientists understand a smaller class of asteroids – those measuring less than 100 meters (330 feet) across – that have never been explored by spacecraft.

“The images gathered by NEA Scout will provide critical information on the asteroid’s physical properties such as orbit, shape, volume, rotation, the dust and debris field surrounding it, plus its surface properties,” said Julie Castillo-Rogez, the mission’s principal science investigator at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Near-Earth asteroids are also important destinations for exploration, in situ resource utilization, and scientific research. In the past decade, detections of near-Earth asteroids have steadily risen and are expected to grow, offering expanded opportunities as exploration destinations.

“Despite their size, some of these small asteroids could pose a threat to Earth,” Dr. Jim Stott, NEA Scout technology project manager, said. “Understanding their properties could help us develop strategies for reducing the potential damage caused in the event of an impact.”

Scientists will use this data to determine what is required to reduce risk, increase effectiveness, and improve the design and operations of robotic and human space exploration, added Castillo-Rogez.

NEA Scout is developed under NASA’s Advanced Exploration Systems division. The CubeSat is designed and developed by NASA Marshall in Huntsville, Alabama, and JPL in Southern California.

Source: Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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Tuesday, July 13, 2021

ISS Update: Russia Is Set to Launch Its 'Nauka' Science Module to the Orbital Outpost Next Week...

Engineers prepare the 'Nauka' Multipurpose Laboratory Module for launch at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
Roscosmos

NASA TV to Air Launch of Space Station Module, Departure of Another (Press Release)

NASA will provide live coverage of a new Russian science module’s launch and automated docking to the International Space Station, and the undocking of another module that has been part of the orbital outpost for the past 20 years. Live coverage of all events will be available on NASA Television, the NASA app, and the agency’s website.

The uncrewed Multipurpose Laboratory Module (MLM), named Nauka, the Russian word for “science,” is scheduled to launch at 10:58 a.m. EDT (7:58 p.m. Baikonur time) Wednesday, July 21 on a three-stage Proton rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Live launch coverage will begin at 10:30 a.m.

Two days later, on Friday, July 23, the uncrewed ISS Progress 77 spacecraft will undock from the Russian segment of the station while attached to the Pirs docking compartment. With Pirs attached, Progress 77 is scheduled to undock at 9:17 a.m. Live coverage of undocking will begin at 8:45 a.m. A few hours later, Progress’ engines will fire in a deorbit maneuver to send the cargo craft and Pirs into a destructive reentry in the Earth’s atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean. Deorbit and reentry will not be covered on NASA TV.

After Nauka completes eight days in free-flight to allow Russian flight controllers to evaluate its systems, the 43-foot long, 23-ton module will automatically link up to the port on the Earth-facing side of the Russian station segment, vacated by the departure of Pirs. Docking is scheduled for 9:25 a.m. Thursday, July 29, with live coverage begining at 8:30 a.m.

Nauka will serve as a new science facility, docking port, and spacewalk airlock for future operations. Pirs has been part of the space station since September 2001, functioning as a docking port for Russian visiting spacecraft and an airlock for Russian spacewalks.

For more than 20 years, astronauts have continuously lived and worked on the space station, testing technologies, performing science, and developing the skills needed to explore farther from Earth. Through NASA’s Artemis program, the agency will send the first woman and the first person of color to the Moon’s surface, and eventually expand human exploration to Mars. Inspiring the next generation of explorers – the Artemis Generation – ensures America will continue to lead in space exploration and discovery.

Source: NASA.Gov

Monday, July 12, 2021

Gateway Update: Another Developmental Milestone Has Been Achieved for the Moon-bound Space Station...

An artist's concept of NASA's lunar Gateway cruising through space.
NASA / Maxar Technologies

Maxar Completes Power and Propulsion Element Preliminary Design Review (Press Release)

PPE is the foundational element of NASA’s lunar Gateway

WESTMINSTER, Colo.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Maxar Technologies (NYSE:MAXR) (TSX:MAXR), a trusted partner and innovator in Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure, today announced that the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) it is developing for NASA’s lunar Gateway has passed its first Preliminary Design Review (PDR) and remains on track for launch in 2024.

Passing PDR-1 means that Maxar expects to finalize the PPE system-level design over the next year, culminating in the Critical Design Review in May 2022. A second PDR this fall will verify that the evolved PPE design meets mission requirements and is cleared for final design review and fabrication. During this period, Maxar will continue to take delivery of flight hardware units based on the company’s 1300-class spacecraft platform.

Maxar’s PPE is the foundational element of the Gateway, providing power, maneuvering, attitude control and communications systems for the lunar orbiting outpost. Gateway is a cornerstone of NASA’s Artemis program, which aims to land the first woman and first person of color on the Moon and enable future crewed missions to Mars. PPE is managed by NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio.

In 2020, NASA introduced new requirements, including the integration of the PPE with Northrop Grumman’s Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) on the ground to enable launch of both modules together on a single SpaceX Falcon Heavy launch vehicle. This change reduced Gateway’s risk profile and increased its cost effectiveness, necessitating the need for a second PDR that reflects the evolved program design.

Maxar’s 1300-class spacecraft are currently supporting the following NASA missions:

- PPE, the highest power solar electric propulsion spacecraft ever built
- Psyche, a deep space mission to a metal-rich asteroid
- OSAM-1, an on-orbit assembly, manufacturing and refueling demonstration
- TEMPO, a climate sensor hosted on a commercial communications satellite

“Clearing this development milestone for PPE is a significant accomplishment,” said Chris Johnson, Maxar’s Senior Vice President of Space Program Delivery. “PPE is one of several NASA programs built on Maxar’s trusted 1300-class spacecraft platform, which leverages decades of our commercial design, manufacturing and operations expertise. At Maxar, our team is agile, and our spacecraft are versatile. The progress we have made on PPE is further evidence that we are prepared to meet a broad range of civil, commercial and national security mission needs.”

Source: Maxar Technologies